Disneyland Park was originally Disneyland, is the first of two theme parks built at the Disneyland Resort in Anaheim, California, opened on July 17, 1955 and was the only theme park designed by Walt Disney. It was originally the only attraction on the property, though it was slightly renamed to distinguish it from the expanding complex in the 1990s.Walt Disney came up with the concept of Disneyland after visiting various amusement parks with his daughters in the 1930s and 1940s. He initially envisioned building a tourist attraction adjacent to his studios in Burbank to entertain fans who wished to visit; however, he soon realized that the proposed site was too small. After hiring a consultant to help determine an appropriate site for his project, Walt bought a 160-acre (65 ha) site near Anaheim in 1953. Construction began in 1954 and the park was unveiled during a special televised press event on the ABC Television Network on July 17, 1955.
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Since its opening, Disneyland has undergone a
number of expansions and renovations, including the addition of New Orleans Square in 1966, Bear Country (now Critter Country)
in 1972, and Mickey's Toontown in 1993. Disney California Adventure Park was built on the site
of Disneyland's original parking lot and opened in 2001.
Disneyland has a larger cumulative attendance
than any other theme park in the world, with over 650 million guests since it
opened. In 2011, the park hosted approximately 16.14 million guests, making it
the second most visited park in the world that calendar year. According to a
March 2005 report from the Disney Company, there are 65,700 Jobs supported by
the Disneyland Resort.
Lands
Disneyland Park consists of eight themed "lands"
and a number of concealed backstage areas, and occupies approximately 85 acres
(34 ha). The park opened with Main
Street, U.S.A., Adventureland, Frontierland, Fantasyland, and Tomorrowland,
and has since added New Orleans Square
in 1966, Bear Country (later Critter
Country) in 1972, and Mickey's Toontown
in 1993.
Main Street, U.S.A. is
patterned after a typical Midwest town of the early 20th century. Walt Disney derived
inspiration from his boyhood town ofMarceline, Missouri and worked closely with designers and architects to develop
the Main Street appeal. It is the first area guests see when they enter the
park (if not entering by monorail), and is how guests reach Central Plaza. At
the center of The Magic Kingdom and immediately North of Central Plaza stands Sleeping Beauty Castle, which provides entrance to Fantasyland by way of a drawbridge
across a moat. Adventureland, Frontierland, and Tomorrowland are arrayed on
both sides of the castle.The design of Main Street, U.S.A. uses the technique
of forced perspective to create an illusion of height. Buildings along Main Street
are built at ¾ scale on the first level, then ⅝ on the second story, and ½ scale on the third—reducing the scale
by ⅛ each level up.
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Adventureland is
designed to recreate the feel of an exotic tropical place in a far-off region
of the world. "To create a land
that would make this dream reality", said Walt Disney, "we pictured ourselves far from civilization,
in the remote jungles of Asia and Africa." Attractions include opening day'sJungle
Cruise, the "Temple of the Forbidden
Eye" in Indiana Jones Adventure, and Tarzan's Treehouse,
which is a conversion of the earlier Swiss Family Robinson Tree House from the Walt Disney film, Swiss
Family Robinson. Walt Disney's Enchanted Tiki
Room which is located at the entrance to Adventureland is the
first feature attraction to employ Audio-Animatronics, a
computer synchronization of sound and robotics.
New Orleans Square is based
on 19th-century New
Orleans, opened on July 24, 1966. Despite its
age, it is still very popular with Disneyland guests, as it is home to some of
the park's most popular attractions: Pirates
of the Caribbean and the Haunted Mansion,
with nighttime entertainment inFantastic!. This area
is the home of the famous Club
33.
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Frontierland
recreates the setting of pioneer days along the American frontier.Frontierland
is home to the Pinewood Indians band of animatronic Native Americans, who live
on the banks of the Rivers of America. Entertainment and attractions include
Big Thunder Mountain Railroad, the Mark Twain Riverboat, the Sailing Ship Columbia,
Pirate's Lair on Tom Sawyer Island, and Frontierland Shootin' Exposition.
Frontierland is also home to the Golden Horseshoe Saloon, an Old West-style
show palace, where the comedic troupe "Billy Hill and the
Hillbillies" entertains guests.
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Critter Country
opened in 1972 as "Bear Country", and was renamed in 1988. Formerly
the area was home to Indian Village, where indigenous tribes’ people
demonstrated their dances and other customs. Today, the main draw of the area
is Splash Mountain, a log-flume journey inspired by the Uncle Remus stories of
Joel Chandler Harris and the animated segments of Disney's Academy
Award-winning 1946 film, Song of the South. In 2003, a dark ride called
The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh replaced the Country Bear Jamboree,
which closed in 2001. The attraction is still open in Walt Disney World's Magic
Kingdom.
Fantasyland was
originally styled in a medieval European fairground fashion, but its 1983
refurbishment turned it into a Bavarian village. Attractions include several
dark rides, the King Arthur Carrousel, and various family attractions.
Fantasyland has the most fiber optics in the park; more than half of them are
in Peter Pan's Flight. Sleeping Beauty's Castle features a walk-through story
telling of Briar Rose's adventure as Sleeping Beauty. The attraction opened in
1959, was redesigned in 1972, closed in 1992 for reasons of security and the
new installation of pneumatic ram firework shell mortars for "Believe,
There's Magic in the Stars", and reopened 2008 with new renditions and
methods of storytelling and the restored work of Eyvind Earle (not Mary Blair).
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Mickey's Toontownopened in 1993 and was partly inspired by the fictional Los Angeles suburb of
Toontown in the Walt Disney Studios' 1988 release Who Framed Roger Rabbit.
Mickey's Toontown is based on a 1930s cartoon aesthetic and is home to Disney's
most popular cartoon characters. Toontown features two main attractions:
Gadget's Go Coaster and Roger Rabbit's Car Toon Spin. The "city" is
also home to cartoon character's houses such as the house of Mickey Mouse,
Minnie Mouse and Goofy, as well as Donald Duck's boat.
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Disneyland producer Ward Kimball had rocket scientists
Wernher von Braun, Willy Ley, and Heinz Haber serve as technical consultants
during the original design of Tomorrowland. Initial attractions included Rocket
to the Moon, Astro-Jets and Autopia; later, the first incarnation of the
Submarine Voyage was added. The area underwent a major
transformation in 1967 to become New
Tomorrowland, and then again in 1998 when its focus was changed to present
a "retro-future" theme reminiscent of the illustrations of Jules
Verne.
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